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Plane Geometry Chapter 4, Section 1: Proportional Quantities

Plane Geometry Chapter 4: Proportions and Similar Polygons
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Terms to Know:
Section 1: Proportional Quantities
  • Ratios are common fractions, and common fraction may be regarded as a ratio.
  • The antecedent is the numerator or first term in a ratio.
  • The consequent is the denominator or second term in the ratio.
  • The value of a ratio remains the same if both of its terms are multiplied or divided by the same number.
Proportion
  • A proportion is an expression of equality between two ratios.
  • The extremes of a proportion are the first and fourth terms.
  • The means of a proportion are the second and third terms.
  • The fourth proportional is to three given quantities is the fourth term of the proportion whose first three terms are the three quantities taken in order.
  • In any proportion in which the two means are equal, either means is said to be the mean proportional between the first and last terms.
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